Crystal Structures of Various Compounds
What are the lattice and basis used to define the crystal structure for each compound?
a) Nb, which crystallizes with the BCC crystal structure
b) RuAl, which crystallizes with the cesium chloride crystal structure
c) KF, which crystallizes with the rock salt crystal structure
d) cubic ZrO₂, which crystallizes with the fluorite crystal structure
e) NdAIO₃, which crystallizes with the perovskite crystal structure
Answer:
a) Nb: The BCC crystal structure is defined by a lattice with the basis consisting of a single atom located at the center of the cube.
b) RuAl: The cesium chloride crystal structure is defined by a lattice with the basis consisting of one atom of Ru and one atom of Al, positioned at the corners of the unit cell.
c) KF: The rock salt crystal structure is defined by a lattice with the basis consisting of one atom of K and one atom of F, positioned at the corners of the unit cell.
d) cubic ZrO₂: The fluorite crystal structure is defined by a lattice with the basis consisting of one atom of Zr and two atoms of O, positioned at the corners and center of the unit cell.
e) NdAIO₃: The perovskite crystal structure is defined by a lattice with the basis consisting of one atom of Nd and three atoms of AIO₃, positioned at the corners and center of the unit cell.
The crystal structures of various compounds are determined by their lattice and basis configurations. The lattice refers to the repeating arrangement of points in space, while the basis consists of the atoms or ions positioned within the unit cell of the lattice.
For example, for Nb with the BCC crystal structure, the lattice is cubic with a single atom of Nb located at the center of the cube. On the other hand, RuAl with the cesium chloride crystal structure has a lattice where one atom of Ru and one atom of Al are positioned at the corners of the unit cell.
Similarly, KF with the rock salt crystal structure features a lattice with one atom of K and one atom of F positioned at the corners of the unit cell. The cubic ZrO₂ with the fluorite crystal structure has a lattice with one atom of Zr and two atoms of O positioned at the corners and center of the unit cell.
Lastly, NdAIO₃ with the perovskite crystal structure consists of a lattice with one atom of Nd and three atoms of AIO₃ positioned at the corners and center of the unit cell. Understanding the lattice and basis is crucial in defining the crystal structure of these compounds.