What calculations should be done to ensure 45mL of hydrogen gas are produced in the lab?
To produce 45mL of hydrogen gas in the lab, you need to calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid required for the reaction. In this case, you were told to use the ideal gas law and the formula M = n/v for the calculations. The number of moles of hydrochloric acid that you need is 0.135 moles.
Understanding Stoichiometry in the Lab
Stoichiometry: Stoichiometry is a way to determine the amounts of reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction. It helps in performing calculations related to the reaction, such as determining the amount of a product that can be obtained from a given amount of reactants.
In the given scenario, the balanced equation for the reaction between solid magnesium and 3.0M HCl to produce hydrogen gas is:
\[ Mg + 2 HCl --\\ \\textgreater \\ MgCl_2 + H_2 \]
To produce 45mL of hydrogen gas, the following calculations should be completed:
1. Determine the number of moles of HCl needed:
- Concentration of HCl = 3.0M
- Volume of the system = 45mL = 0.045 L
- Number of moles = Concentration * Volume = 3.0M * 0.045 L = 0.135 moles
Therefore, to ensure 45mL of hydrogen gas are produced in the lab, you need 0.135 moles of hydrochloric acid.
Stoichiometry plays a vital role in this lab experiment as it helps in understanding how reactants are consumed and products are formed in a chemical reaction. By following the balanced equation and performing the necessary calculations, you can accurately determine the amount of reactants needed to produce the desired amount of hydrogen gas.