The Beauty of Parabolic Arches

What type of arch is designed to develop only axial compression under a given loading?

a. Funicular arch

b. Segmental arch

c. Parabolic arch

d. Gothic arch

Answer:

The parabolic arch is designed to develop only axial compression under a given loading.

Explanation: The type of arch that is shaped to develop only axial compression under a given loading is a parabolic arch. Parabolic arches are designed so that, under uniform load, the internal forces are purely compressive and follow the arch shape, which follows a parabolic curve. This profile ensures that each point of the arch is under axial compression, eliminating any bending moment that would introduce tensile stress. Unlike other arches, such as the Gothic arch, which is pointed and helps to reduce outward thrust and stress on structural elements, the parabolic arch perfectly distributes the load along its curve, thus requiring less support and enabling thinner and lighter structural elements.

The funicular arch is a form of parabolic arch which is designed to experience only axial compression forces, carrying the forces to the ground without introducing any tensile stresses. This makes it a stable and efficient choice for bridge and architectural design.