Mental Health Models: Wellness vs Illness
What are the key differences between the wellness model and the illness model of mental health?
1. According to the wellness model, what is the focus of mental health?
2. How does the illness model view mental health problems?
Key Differences between the Wellness and Illness Models of Mental Health
1. The wellness model of mental health focuses on promoting overall well-being and preventing mental health issues.
2. The illness model views mental health problems as diseases that require clinical treatment.
When it comes to mental health, two primary models are emphasized in the field: the wellness model and the illness model. These models offer different perspectives on mental health and guide the approaches of counselors and healthcare professionals.
The Wellness Model:
The wellness model of mental health emphasizes the promotion of overall well-being and the prevention of mental health issues. It takes a holistic approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects of well-being. This model focuses on self-care practices, stress management techniques, maintaining a balanced lifestyle, and cultivating resilience and coping strategies.
The Illness Model:
Contrastingly, the illness model views mental health problems as diseases that need to be clinically diagnosed and treated. It emphasizes identifying symptoms, diagnosing specific disorders, and providing medical interventions such as therapy and medication to alleviate symptoms.
For example, a counselor following the wellness model may work with a client to develop a personalized wellness plan that includes exercise, healthy eating, mindfulness practices, and building supportive relationships. On the other hand, a psychiatrist adhering to the illness model may diagnose a specific mental health disorder and prescribe medication to address the symptoms.
Conclusion:
Both the wellness and illness models play essential roles in the field of mental health, offering distinct perspectives and approaches to support individuals in achieving and maintaining mental well-being. Understanding the differences between these models can help individuals make informed decisions about their mental health care and seek the appropriate support when needed.